TOEFL Exercise 2 (Structure Questions)

Previous TOEFL Exercise: TOEFL Exercise 1 (Structure Question)

TOEFL Exercise 2 focuses on Problem with Coordinate Connector, Problem with Adverb clause connector, Noun clause connector and Noun clause connector/subject.

Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.

1. A spacecraft is freed from friction ____ launched into space.

(A) it

(B) it is

(C) after is

(D) after it is

2. ____ with their surroundings, or they hide in crevices for protection.

(A) Lobsters

(B) Lobsters blend

(C) Lobsters blending

(D) Because lobsters blend

3. _____ a ball-and-socket joint, the elbow is a simple hinge joint.

(A) While the shoulder

(B) While the shoulder is

(C) The shoulder is

(D) The shoulder

4. A car has several sections with moving parts, ......... of those parts is essential.

(A) good lubrication

(B) well lubricated

(C) and good lubrication

(D) and well lubricated

5. Bears cannot see well _____ small eyes.

(A) bears have

(B) because having

(C) because they have

(D) because of bears

6. _____ at the Isthmus of Panama, so animals were able to migrate between North and South America.

(A) A land bridge existed

(B) When a land bridge existed

(C) A land bridge

(D) With a land bridge

7. ...........mostly made of granite, it also contains some human-made materials.

(A) The Empire State Building

(B) The Empire State Building is

(C) Although the Empire State Building is

(D) Although the Empire State Building is built

8. Pressure differences make the eardrum vibrate _____ the ear.

(A) enters the sound waves

(B) as sound waves

(C) sound waves enter

(D) as sound waves enter

9. An optical microscope magnifies as much as 2,000 times, but an electron microscope ..........as much as a million times.

(A) magnifying

(B) it magnifies

(C) can magnify

(D) magnify it

10. If scientific estimates are accurate, ___ _ with the Earth about 20,000 years ago.

(A) the Canon Diablo meteorite collided

(B) the collision of the Canon Diablo meteorite

(C) the Canon Diablo meteorite colliding

(D) colliding the Canon Diablo meteorite

11. _____ of the Pueblo Indians centered on intensive agriculture.

(A) The economic activity

(B) Because the economic activity

(C) The economy was active

(D) When the economic activity

12. In popular terminology, any long snowstorm with ____ is called a blizzard.

(A) the amount of wind is large

(B) a large amount of wind

(C) it is very windy

(D) very windy

13. Nuclear power can be produced by fusion, _____ produced by fission.

(A) it can also be

(B) it can also

(C) and it can also be

(D) and it can also

14. _____, igneous rocks may be changed into gneisses.

(A) The temperature is high

(B) If the temperature is high

(C) High temperatures

(D) If high temperature

15. In 1905, Henry Flagler _____ his plans to extend his Florida East Coast Railway out across the sea to Key West.

(A) it was announced

(B) announcement

(C) the announcement of

(D) announced

16. The sound ____ from a vibrating object will be high or low depending on the number of vibrations.

(A) Comes

(B) it is coming

(C) is coming

(D) coming

17. During the late 1880s, urban streetcars were electrified through ______ large motors.

(A) they used

(B) used

(C) the use of

(D) when they used

18. _____ almost 274 square miles, but 96 percent of the park is under water.

(A) Although Biscayne National Park encompasses

(B) Biscayne National Park encompasses

(C) Biscayne National Park encompassing

(D) Biscayne National Park

19. Legislation _______ in 1916 and 1917 gave the Wilson administration authority to intervene in the national economy if it proved necessary.

(A) it was passed

(B) was passed

(C) passed

(D) passes

20. Because a family of birds set up housekeeping in Joel Chandler Harris’s mailbox when the birds were in need of a place to stay, ______ the Wren’s Nest.

(A) the home is named

(B) so the home is named

(C) naming the home

(D) the home’s name

21. Today, the true story of _____ at Little Bighorn remains a mystery.

(A) Happened

(B) it happened

(C) what happened

(D) what happening

22. For more than a decade, ____ that certain species are becoming scarce.

(A) the warnings of bird-watchers

(B) warn the bird-watchers

(C) birdwatchers have warned

(D) a warning for bird-watchers

23. Early in the eighteenth century, Halley accurately predicted when ____ of 1682 would return.

(A) the comet

(B) was the comet

(C) the comet was

(D) had the comet

24. No single factor explains why _____ vary so greatly among individuals.

(A) aging affects

(B) the effects of aging

(C) aging has an effect

(D) the aging effect

25. Lack of clarity about ____ the party in the coming year will be removed at the party’s convention.

(A) will lead

(B) lead

(C) they will lead

(D) who will lead

26. We do not ____ the bow drill was first developed for woodworking or fire making.

(A) whether it

(B) know whether it

(C) know whether

(D) sure whether

27. Minute Man National Historical Park is a monument to where _____

(A) the beginning of the Revolutionary War

(B) in the beginning of the Revolutionary War

(C) the Revolutionary War to begin

(D) the Revolutionary War began

28. Tests on the colors of cars were conducted at the University of California to determine _____ the safest colors for cars.

(A) which

(B) which were

(C) if

(D) how were

29. The National Institute of Dental Research estimates _____ in fluoridated areas have about 25 percent less tooth decay than children elsewhere.

(A) for school children

(B) school children’s

(C) that school children

(D) that for school children

30. The process of photosynthesis explains how ____ able to use the energy in sunlight to manufacture foods from the simple chemicals in air and water.

(A) green plants
(B) green plants are
(C) planting greens
(D) with green plants are

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